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PRxOVAIL Study QuotationsPRxOVAIL contains the plant lignan secoisolariciresinol, (SDG) for short. Once ingested, colonic bacteria convert SDG to the mammalian lignans enterolactone and enterodiol. There has been a great deal of scientific and medical interest in these three lignans. Provided below are quotations selected from studies published in peer-reviewed medical journals reporting on these promising compounds.
A great deal of evidence supports the hypothesis that adequate lignan and isoflavone intakes reduce cancer risk. Several papers have reviewed the potential roles of phytoestrogens in preventing breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
In addition to their inhibition of malignant cell proliferation the lignans may be protective with regard to PC (prostate cancer) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) due to their moderate aromatase inhibiting activity or to an effect on free testosterone levels via inhibition of LH secretion stimulation of SHBG synthesis. Both group of phytoestrogens show antioxidant properties which may play a role in carcinogenesis.
Many Lignans have antitumor, antimitotic, antioxidant, weak estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities and some have been shown to prevent the growth of many tumors studied in the chemotherapy program of the U.S. National Cancer Institute.
This study has significance in light of the recent observations that a diet with high-lignan producing capability may reduce the risk for carcinogenesis.
Flax is a potent source of lignans... studies suggested that they may interfere with the development of breast, prostate, colon, and other tumors in humans.
They (isoflavonoids and lignans) have now been shown to influence not only sex-hormone metabolism and biological activity but also intracellular enzymes, protein synthesis, growth factor action, malignant cell proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis, making them strong candidates as natural cancer chemopreventative compounds.
Epidemiological studies indicated that plasma levels and urinary excretion of the lignan and isoflavonoid phytoestrogens correlated negatively with rates of breast and prostate cancer.
The results obtained strongly suggest that these compounds have cancer-protective properties.
However Diadzein, Equol, Enterolactone, and End were all found in plasma, saliva, and urine of human subjects and Enl, End, and Eq in prostatic fluid.
The conversion of testosterone to more potent metabolite dihydrotestosterone by prostate specific-steroid 5-reductase is a key mechanism in the action of androgens in the prostate and is important in the promotion and progression of prostate disease.
The administration of 5-reductase inhibitors results in substantial decrease in prostatic sections of the normal gland and substantial increase in cell death in normal and transformed prostatic cells.
Recent molecular biology studies have shown that substrates of lignans and isoflavonoid phytoestrogens inhibit the conversion of testosterone to the more biologically active dihydrotestosterone.
Four Factors in Inhibiting Prostate Cancer with Lignans:
Cancers of the breast and prostate, in their early phase of development, are hormone dependant and could be influenced by endocrine changes induced by lignans and isoflavones.
Lignans have been extensively investigated for their potential anticancer activity, and several have been used as chemotherapeutic agents.
Higher urinary levels have been found in humans and animals at lower risk of developing cancer.
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